TGGE-STAR

DOS软件，PCR结合梯度凝胶电泳实验引物设计软件。PCR结合温度梯度凝胶电泳（TGGE）或变性梯度凝胶电泳（DGGE）是一个快速且敏感的对点突变的筛选方法。电脑辅助设计DGGE的PCR引物和选择合适的梯度是保证筛选成功的重要因素。

PCR combined with temperature gradient gel electrophoresis is a rapid and very sensitive screening method for point mutations. It may be used to identify exons or other DNA segments with abnormal electrophoretic mobility which are then subjected to DNA sequencing. Computer aided design of PCR primers for denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and the careful choice of a suitable temperature range is the most important warranty for the success of the screening. The program was written, to facilitate the design of PCR primers fulfilling the requirements for a sensitive mutation screening. It supports the new concept of bipolar clamping which is important when mono-polar TGGE leads to fuzzy bands.

Resolving heteroduplices with TGGE

In case of a heterozygous mutation two hetero-duplex bands evolve. They are indicators for mutations. Heteroduplices do not migrate as far as the wild type fragments because they "melt" at lower temperatures. The distance of hetero-duplex bands and wild type bands depends on the electrophoretic duration (x-axis) and the base position (y-axis). A mutation can only be detected, when the displacement is higher than the resolution of the gel.

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